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Trees accelerate growth as they get older and bigger, study finds

Jan 15 2014/in News Coverage

Most living things reach a certain age and then stop growing, but trees accelerate their growth as they get older and bigger, a global study has found.

The findings, reported by an international team of 38 researchers in the journal Nature, overturn the assumption that old trees are less productive. It could have important implications for the way that forests are managed to absorb carbon from the atmosphere.

“This finding contradicts the usual assumption that tree growth eventually declines as trees get older and bigger,” said Nate Stephenson, the study's lead author and a forest ecologist with the US Geological Survey (USGS). “It also means that big, old trees are better at absorbing carbon from the atmosphere than has been commonly assumed.”

The scientists from 16 countries studied measurements of 673,046 trees of more than 400 species growing on six continents, and found that large, old trees actively fix large amounts of carbon compared to smaller trees. A single big tree can add the same amount of carbon to the forest in a year as is contained in an entire mid-sized tree, they found.

“In human terms, it is as if our growth just keeps accelerating after adolescence, instead of slowing down. By that measure, humans could weigh half a tonne by middle age, and well over a tonne at retirement,” said Stephenson.

“In absolute terms, trees 100cm in trunk diameter typically add from 10-200 kg dry mass each year averaging 103kg per year. This is nearly three times the rate for trees of the same species at 50cm in diameter, and is the mass equivalent to adding an entirely new tree of 10-20cm in diameter to the forest each year,” said the report.

The findings back up a 2010 study which showed that some of the largest trees in the world, like eucalyptus and sequoia, put on extraordinary growth as they get older.

“Rapid growth in giant trees is the global norm, and can exceed 600kg per year in the largest individuals,” say the authors.

The study also shows old trees play a disproportionately important role in forest growth. Trees of 100cm in diameter in old-growth western US forests comprised just 6% of trees, yet contributed 33% of the annual forest mass growth.

But the researchers said that the rapid carbon absorption rate of individual trees did not necessarily translate into a net increase in carbon storage for an entire forest. “Old trees can die and lose carbon back into the atmosphere as they decompose,” says Adrian Das, another USGS co-author. “But our findings do suggest that while they are alive, large old trees play a disproportionately important role in a forest's carbon dynamics. It is as if the star players on your favourite sports team were a bunch of 90-year-olds.”

“It tells us that large old trees are very important, not just as carbon reservoirs. Old trees are even more important than we thought,” said University College London researcher Emily Lines, another co-author of the paper.

Understanding of the role of big trees in a forest is developing rapidly even as they come under increasing threat from the fragmentation of forests, severe drought and new pests and diseases. Research in 2012 showed that big trees may comprise less than 2% of the trees in any forest but they can contain 25% of the total biomass and are vital for the health of whole forests because they seed large areas.

Thanks to Cat Abyss Clothing!

Jan 10 2014/in Announcements

Thanks to Cat Abyss Clothing, a new eco-friendly clothing company who will donate 10% of proceeds to the Ancient Forest Alliance from their kickstarter campaign. See their Facebook page and the link to their campaign at: https://www.facebook.com/catabyss

No sale for Dakota Bowl cutblocks

Dec 5 2013/in News Coverage

BC Timber Sales (BCTS) removed more than 50 hectares of old-growth forest from its harvesting plans for Mount Elphinstone last week after failing to receive any bids from logging contractors.

Elphinstone Logging Focus (ELF) announced the removal of the four Dakota Bowl cutblocks from the BCTS notice list after BCTS forest manager Don Hudson contacted the group on Nov. 21, the closing date for bids.

“We did not receive any bids today. We will likely retender next spring,” Hudson wrote ELF in an email.

Ross Muirhead of ELF said the group was not surprised that logging companies took a pass on the four cutblocks.

“We always thought the road-building in there was pretty extreme, and since the contractor would have to pay for it, it could be very expensive,” Muirhead said. “I think the contractors looked at the road-building plan and just gave up on it because of a lot of the unknown factors related to building on such steep slopes.”

Muirhead said ELF would continue to lobby to have the cutblocks permanently removed from BCTS’s harvesting plans and was awaiting a report on bear dens in Dakota Bowl after a Ministry of Environment biologist surveyed the area last month.

The group said it has also discovered culturally modified trees and record-sized mountain hemlocks in Dakota Bowl, with ELF member Hans Penner calling it “the largest remaining old-growth forest of its type, at this elevation, on the Sunshine Coast.”

Among the area’s natural treasures, Muirhead said the group discovered the widest known mountain hemlock in the province, at 6.63 metres in circumference. The Ministry of Forests’ big tree registry lists the next widest mountain hemlock, found on Hollyburn Mountain, at 5.99 metres.

In late October, after heavy lobbying by ELF and other groups, BCTS announced it was dropping the 15-hectare cutblock known as the Roberts Creek headwaters ancient forest from its future harvesting plans due to its “unique ecological/cultural attributes.”

At the time, BCTS planning forester Norm Kempe said logging plans for the remaining four cutblocks addressed concerns about slope stability and impacts on the Dakota Creek watershed.

Link to online article.